GANGLIONIC AND PLEXUS BLOCKS

Ganglion or plexus refers to a cluster of nerves at a specific anatomic location. Pain can be generated from these structures. The ganglionic and/or plexus block is performed to isolate and diagnose the source of pain and to provide therapeutic relief by reducing the inflammation.

Before the procedure, blood thinners such as heparin, warfarin (coumadin), aspirin, and anti-inflammatory medications (except for celebrex) must be discontinued 5 days prior to the procedure date. If you are being treated by any specialist, medical clearance may be needed to proceed. The morning of the procedure, you may have something to eat or drink but nothing within 2 hours of the procedure.

At the surgical center an IV will be started by a nurse. When ready you will be taken to the surgical suite where you will be placed on your stomach or back depending on which ganglion or plexus are going to be injected. This sterile procedure is performed under IV sedation. The area to be injected will be prepped and anesthetized with lidocaine (local anesthetic). Then under fluoroscopic (real time x-ray) guidance, spinal needle(s) will be inserted and contrast dye injected to confirm the medication is delivered to the correct location. Then a local anesthetic is injected onto the clusters of nerves. During the procedure your vital signs and oxygen saturation will be continuously monitored. After the injection, you will be taken to the recovery area and be evaluated. If your pain goes away after the injection, it is highly likely the specific ganglion or plexus that has just been injected is the pain generator. You will be monitored until discharge criteria are met.

You will need a family member or friend drive you home following the procedure. No exceptions. Following the injection, the local anesthetic will help stop the pain and the steroid will prevent its return by reducing the inflammation around the ganglion or plexus. You may also experience some temporary spasms near the injection site. If this occurs use ice or heat, whichever works best for you. If you are using ice, place a thin clothe barrier between your skin and the ice pack. Apply for 20 minutes to the affected area and you may reapply in 60 minutes if needed. If you are applying heat (moist or dry heat) refer to the manufacturer‘s instructions for application. Never sleep on a heating pad, burns may occur.

Complications are rare and include but not limited to bleeding, infection, damage to nerves and structures of the spine, spinal headaches, perforation of organs, collapsed lung, reaction to medications, increased pain, seizure, stroke, paralysis, damage to fetus if pregnant and death. You may be given antibiotics during the procedure. Your usual pain may be increased for a few days after the procedure. Complications of sedation are very rare and include aspiration, pneumonia, and loss of airway requiring emergency resuscitation or surgery. The risk of complications requiring transfusion is extremely low. The risks of transfusion of blood products include transfusion reaction, infection such as HIV or hepatitis and death.

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